[{"year":1950,"area":"Engine","kind":"introduced","title":"1.5-litre supercharged or 4.5-litre naturally aspirated engines","detail":"The pre-war Formula 1 engine rules carried over: supercharged engines up to 1,500 cc or unsupercharged engines up to 4,500 cc.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1950_Formula_One_season","slug":"1950-1-5-litre-supercharged-or-4-5-litre-naturally-aspirated-engi"},{"year":1950,"area":"Points","kind":"introduced","title":"Points 8-6-4-3-2, one point for fastest lap, best four results count","detail":"The top five scored 8, 6, 4, 3 and 2 points, the fastest lap earned one point, and only a driver's best four results counted towards the title. Shared drives split the points.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Formula_One_World_Championship_points_scoring_systems","slug":"1950-points-8-6-4-3-2-one-point-for-fastest-lap-best-four-results"},{"year":1950,"area":"Race procedure","kind":"introduced","title":"Indianapolis 500 counts for the championship","detail":"The Indianapolis 500, run to its own rules, was a championship round from 1950 to 1960. Almost no European drivers entered it.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1950_Formula_One_season","slug":"1950-indianapolis-500-counts-for-the-championship"},{"year":1950,"area":"Sporting","kind":"introduced","title":"World Drivers' Championship established","detail":"The FIA created a drivers' championship over seven races: six European Grands Prix and the Indianapolis 500.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1950_Formula_One_season","slug":"1950-world-drivers-championship-established"},{"year":1951,"area":"Race procedure","kind":"changed","title":"Eight rounds, best four results","detail":"The calendar grew to eight races including Indianapolis; a driver's best four results still counted.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1951_Formula_One_season","slug":"1951-eight-rounds-best-four-results"},{"year":1952,"area":"Engine","kind":"changed","title":"Championship run to Formula 2 rules: 2.0-litre unsupercharged or 500 cc supercharged","detail":"With too few Formula 1 cars entered after Alfa Romeo withdrew, the world championship races of 1952 and 1953 were run for Formula 2 cars.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1952_Formula_One_season","slug":"1952-championship-run-to-formula-2-rules-2-0-litre-unsupercharged"},{"year":1953,"area":"Race procedure","kind":"introduced","title":"First championship race outside Europe and the United States","detail":"The Argentine Grand Prix opened the season, the first world championship round in South America.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1953_Formula_One_season","slug":"1953-first-championship-race-outside-europe-and-the-united-states"},{"year":1954,"area":"Engine","kind":"introduced","title":"2.5-litre naturally aspirated or 750 cc supercharged engines","detail":"A new Formula 1 came into force and ran until 1960. No team chose the supercharged option.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1954_Formula_One_season","slug":"1954-2-5-litre-naturally-aspirated-or-750-cc-supercharged-engines"},{"year":1954,"area":"Points","kind":"changed","title":"Best five results count","detail":"The number of results counting towards the title rose from four to five as the calendar grew to nine races.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Formula_One_World_Championship_points_scoring_systems","slug":"1954-best-five-results-count"},{"year":1955,"area":"Chassis and safety","kind":"changed","title":"Races cancelled after the Le Mans disaster","detail":"After the Le Mans crash that killed more than 80 spectators, the French, German, Swiss and Spanish Grands Prix were cancelled and motor racing was banned in Switzerland.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1955_Formula_One_season","slug":"1955-races-cancelled-after-the-le-mans-disaster"},{"year":1956,"area":"Points","kind":"changed","title":"Shared drives still score split points","detail":"Fangio won the title with points shared from Peter Collins' car at Monaco and Monza; the practice was ended for 1958.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1956_Formula_One_season","slug":"1956-shared-drives-still-score-split-points"},{"year":1957,"area":"Race procedure","kind":"changed","title":"Pescara Grand Prix: the longest circuit ever used","detail":"The 25.8 km Pescara road course held a championship race once.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1957_Pescara_Grand_Prix","slug":"1957-pescara-grand-prix-the-longest-circuit-ever-used"},{"year":1958,"area":"Fuel","kind":"changed","title":"Commercial aviation fuel mandatory","detail":"Alcohol-based fuel blends were banned; cars had to run on 130-octane aviation petrol.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1958_Formula_One_season","slug":"1958-commercial-aviation-fuel-mandatory"},{"year":1958,"area":"Points","kind":"changed","title":"Shared drives no longer score points","detail":"Points for a car shared by two drivers were no longer awarded to either driver.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Formula_One_World_Championship_points_scoring_systems","slug":"1958-shared-drives-no-longer-score-points"},{"year":1958,"area":"Race procedure","kind":"changed","title":"Race distance cut to 300 km or two hours","detail":"Grands Prix were shortened from around 500 km or three hours to a minimum of 300 km or two hours.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1958_Formula_One_season","slug":"1958-race-distance-cut-to-300-km-or-two-hours"},{"year":1958,"area":"Sporting","kind":"introduced","title":"International Cup for F1 Manufacturers (constructors' championship)","detail":"A championship for constructors began, scoring only the best-placed car of each make in each race. Indianapolis did not count towards it.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1958_Formula_One_season","slug":"1958-international-cup-for-f1-manufacturers-constructors-champion"},{"year":1959,"area":"Points","kind":"changed","title":"Best five of nine results; last year of the fastest-lap point","detail":"The fastest-lap bonus point was awarded for the last time.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Formula_One_World_Championship_points_scoring_systems","slug":"1959-best-five-of-nine-results-last-year-of-the-fastest-lap-point"},{"year":1960,"area":"Points","kind":"changed","title":"Fastest-lap point dropped; sixth place scores one point","detail":"The bonus point for fastest lap ended after 1959 and a point for sixth place was added: 8-6-4-3-2-1.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Formula_One_World_Championship_points_scoring_systems","slug":"1960-fastest-lap-point-dropped-sixth-place-scores-one-point"},{"year":1960,"area":"Race procedure","kind":"banned","title":"Indianapolis 500 leaves the championship after 1960","detail":"1960 was the last year the Indianapolis 500 counted towards the world championship.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1960_Formula_One_season","slug":"1960-indianapolis-500-leaves-the-championship-after-1960"},{"year":1961,"area":"Chassis and safety","kind":"introduced","title":"Oil catch tanks, dual braking circuits and roll bars required","detail":"Cars had to carry a roll-over bar above the driver's head, a dual-circuit braking system and an oil catch tank.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1961_Formula_One_season","slug":"1961-oil-catch-tanks-dual-braking-circuits-and-roll-bars-required"},{"year":1961,"area":"Engine","kind":"introduced","title":"1.5-litre naturally aspirated engines, 450 kg minimum weight","detail":"Engine capacity fell to 1,500 cc unsupercharged (the former Formula 2 limit), with a minimum car weight of 450 kg, self-starters and a roll-over bar required. The formula ran to 1965.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1961_Formula_One_season","slug":"1961-1-5-litre-naturally-aspirated-engines-450-kg-minimum-weight"},{"year":1961,"area":"Points","kind":"changed","title":"Win worth nine points","detail":"Points became 9-6-4-3-2-1, a system used until 1990.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Formula_One_World_Championship_points_scoring_systems","slug":"1961-win-worth-nine-points"},{"year":1962,"area":"Chassis and safety","kind":"introduced","title":"Monocoque chassis","detail":"The Lotus 25 introduced the stressed-skin monocoque, which became the standard construction.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_25","slug":"1962-monocoque-chassis"},{"year":1963,"area":"Chassis and safety","kind":"introduced","title":"Fuel tanks must be rubber bag tanks; cockpit and roll bar dimensions defined","detail":"Safety fuel cells and minimum cockpit opening sizes entered the rules.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1963_Formula_One_season","slug":"1963-fuel-tanks-must-be-rubber-bag-tanks-cockpit-and-roll-bar-dim"},{"year":1964,"area":"Points","kind":"changed","title":"Best six of ten results","detail":"Dropped-score rules decided the title: Surtees beat Graham Hill, who scored more points in total.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1964_Formula_One_season","slug":"1964-best-six-of-ten-results"},{"year":1965,"area":"Engine","kind":"changed","title":"Last year of the 1.5-litre formula","detail":"Clark's Lotus-Climax dominated the final 1.5-litre season before the 3-litre rules.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1965_Formula_One_season","slug":"1965-last-year-of-the-1-5-litre-formula"},{"year":1966,"area":"Engine","kind":"introduced","title":"3.0-litre naturally aspirated or 1.5-litre supercharged engines ('return to power')","detail":"Engine capacity doubled to 3,000 cc unsupercharged, with a supercharged alternative at 1,500 cc that was later used for turbocharged engines. Minimum weight 500 kg.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1966_Formula_One_season","slug":"1966-3-0-litre-naturally-aspirated-or-1-5-litre-supercharged-engi"},{"year":1967,"area":"Points","kind":"changed","title":"Best five from the first six and best four from the last five","detail":"Dropped scores were applied in two halves of the season, a system used with variations until 1980.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Formula_One_World_Championship_points_scoring_systems","slug":"1967-best-five-from-the-first-six-and-best-four-from-the-last-fiv"},{"year":1968,"area":"Aerodynamics","kind":"introduced","title":"Wings appear","detail":"Ferrari and Brabham introduced rear wings at the Belgian Grand Prix; Lotus followed with wings mounted directly on the suspension uprights.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1968_Formula_One_season","slug":"1968-wings-appear"},{"year":1968,"area":"Chassis and safety","kind":"introduced","title":"Electrical cut-off switch, on-board fire extinguisher, twin fire-resistant fuel cells","detail":"After Jim Clark's death and other accidents, cockpit safety equipment became compulsory.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1968_Formula_One_season","slug":"1968-electrical-cut-off-switch-on-board-fire-extinguisher-twin-fi"},{"year":1968,"area":"Sporting","kind":"introduced","title":"Commercial sponsorship liveries allowed","detail":"National racing colours were no longer required and cars could carry sponsor liveries; Lotus ran Gold Leaf colours from Monaco.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1968_Formula_One_season","slug":"1968-commercial-sponsorship-liveries-allowed"},{"year":1969,"area":"Aerodynamics","kind":"banned","title":"High suspension-mounted wings banned","detail":"After both Lotus wings collapsed at the Spanish Grand Prix, the CSI banned wings from the Monaco Grand Prix practice, then allowed only wings fixed to the sprung bodywork, limited in height and width.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1969_Formula_One_season","slug":"1969-high-suspension-mounted-wings-banned"},{"year":1969,"area":"Chassis and safety","kind":"introduced","title":"Four-wheel drive experiments allowed; six-point harnesses recommended","detail":"Lotus, Matra, McLaren and Cosworth built four-wheel-drive cars in 1969; none succeeded.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1969_Formula_One_season","slug":"1969-four-wheel-drive-experiments-allowed-six-point-harnesses-rec"},{"year":1970,"area":"Chassis and safety","kind":"introduced","title":"Bag fuel tanks mandatory","detail":"Rubber bag fuel tanks became compulsory, and the minimum weight rose to 530 kg.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1970_Formula_One_season","slug":"1970-bag-fuel-tanks-mandatory"},{"year":1970,"area":"Race procedure","kind":"introduced","title":"Drivers' safety inspections lead to boycotts","detail":"The Grand Prix Drivers' Association inspected circuits; Spa was dropped after 1970 and the Nürburgring boycotted in 1970 until changes were made.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1970_Formula_One_season","slug":"1970-drivers-safety-inspections-lead-to-boycotts"},{"year":1971,"area":"Tyres","kind":"introduced","title":"Slick tyres","detail":"Treadless dry-weather tyres appeared in 1971 and were standard within a year.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1971_Formula_One_season","slug":"1971-slick-tyres"},{"year":1972,"area":"Engine","kind":"changed","title":"Maximum of 12 cylinders; minimum weight 550 kg","detail":"Engines were limited to twelve cylinders, ruling out the H16 layout.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1972_Formula_One_season","slug":"1972-maximum-of-12-cylinders-minimum-weight-550-kg"},{"year":1973,"area":"Chassis and safety","kind":"introduced","title":"Deformable side structures and safety fuel tanks","detail":"Crushable structures around the fuel tanks became compulsory from the Spanish Grand Prix, along with a 575 kg minimum weight.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1973_Formula_One_season","slug":"1973-deformable-side-structures-and-safety-fuel-tanks"},{"year":1973,"area":"Race procedure","kind":"introduced","title":"Safety car used for the first time","detail":"A pace car was used at the Canadian Grand Prix, causing confusion over the race order. The safety car was not formalised until 1993.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1973_Canadian_Grand_Prix","slug":"1973-safety-car-used-for-the-first-time"},{"year":1974,"area":"Aerodynamics","kind":"changed","title":"Rear wing overhang limited to 1 m behind the rear axle","detail":"Rear wings were pulled forward, and airbox height was limited.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1974_Formula_One_season","slug":"1974-rear-wing-overhang-limited-to-1-m-behind-the-rear-axle"},{"year":1975,"area":"Chassis and safety","kind":"introduced","title":"Fire-resistant overalls and self-sealing fuel couplings","detail":"Driver clothing and fuel systems were upgraded after several fire accidents.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1975_Formula_One_season","slug":"1975-fire-resistant-overalls-and-self-sealing-fuel-couplings"},{"year":1975,"area":"Race procedure","kind":"changed","title":"Half points for a shortened race","detail":"The Spanish and Austrian Grands Prix were stopped early and paid half points, a rule applied to races under a set distance.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1975_Formula_One_season","slug":"1975-half-points-for-a-shortened-race"},{"year":1976,"area":"Aerodynamics","kind":"banned","title":"Tall airboxes banned from the Spanish Grand Prix","detail":"Overall height was limited to 90 cm above the ground, ending the tall engine air intakes; rear wing overhang cut to 80 cm.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1976_Formula_One_season","slug":"1976-tall-airboxes-banned-from-the-spanish-grand-prix"},{"year":1976,"area":"Chassis and safety","kind":"introduced","title":"Six-wheeled cars allowed","detail":"Tyrrell's P34 with four small front wheels raced from the Spanish Grand Prix; six-wheelers were later banned for 1983.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyrrell_P34","slug":"1976-six-wheeled-cars-allowed"},{"year":1977,"area":"Aerodynamics","kind":"introduced","title":"Ground effect","detail":"The Lotus 78 used shaped sidepod undersides and sliding skirts to generate downforce from the floor.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotus_78","slug":"1977-ground-effect"},{"year":1977,"area":"Engine","kind":"introduced","title":"First turbocharged car","detail":"Renault entered the RS01 with a 1.5-litre turbocharged V6 at the British Grand Prix, using the supercharged option in the rules.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1977_Formula_One_season","slug":"1977-first-turbocharged-car"},{"year":1978,"area":"Aerodynamics","kind":"banned","title":"Brabham 'fan car' withdrawn after one race","detail":"The BT46B won the Swedish Grand Prix with a rear fan extracting air from under the car; Brabham withdrew it under pressure and movable aerodynamic devices were ruled out.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brabham_BT46","slug":"1978-brabham-fan-car-withdrawn-after-one-race"},{"year":1978,"area":"Chassis and safety","kind":"introduced","title":"Permanent medical car and FIA doctor at every race","detail":"Professor Sid Watkins became the permanent race doctor, with a medical car following the first lap.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1978_Formula_One_season","slug":"1978-permanent-medical-car-and-fia-doctor-at-every-race"},{"year":1979,"area":"Sporting","kind":"introduced","title":"Pre-qualifying for oversubscribed entries","detail":"With more than 26 cars entered, a Friday-morning pre-qualifying session decided who could take part in qualifying.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1979_Formula_One_season","slug":"1979-pre-qualifying-for-oversubscribed-entries"},{"year":1980,"area":"Sporting","kind":"changed","title":"FISA–FOCA war","detail":"Disputes over technical rules and money between the governing body and the teams' association led to boycotts and the non-championship 1981 South African race, settled by the Concorde Agreement.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FISA%E2%80%93FOCA_war","slug":"1980-fisa-foca-war"},{"year":1981,"area":"Aerodynamics","kind":"banned","title":"Sliding skirts banned; 6 cm minimum ground clearance","detail":"To curb ground effect, skirts touching the track were banned and cars had to clear the ground by 6 cm at rest. Teams answered with hydraulic suspension that lowered the car on track.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1981_Formula_One_season","slug":"1981-sliding-skirts-banned-6-cm-minimum-ground-clearance"},{"year":1981,"area":"Chassis and safety","kind":"introduced","title":"Survival cell around the driver","detail":"A defined survival cell extending ahead of the driver's feet became compulsory; carbon-fibre monocoques appeared (McLaren MP4/1).","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1981_Formula_One_season","slug":"1981-survival-cell-around-the-driver"},{"year":1981,"area":"Points","kind":"changed","title":"Best eleven results count","detail":"Dropped scores continued: a driver kept the best eleven results of the season.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Formula_One_World_Championship_points_scoring_systems","slug":"1981-best-eleven-results-count"},{"year":1981,"area":"Sporting","kind":"introduced","title":"First Concorde Agreement","detail":"The agreement between FISA and the teams (FOCA) settled the governance dispute of 1980–81 and set out commercial and rule-making arrangements.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concorde_Agreement","slug":"1981-first-concorde-agreement"},{"year":1982,"area":"Aerodynamics","kind":"changed","title":"Ground clearance rule dropped, fixed skirts allowed","detail":"The unenforceable 6 cm rule went, fixed skirts returned, and minimum weight rose to 580 kg. The 'water-cooled brakes' ballast dispute led to disqualifications and the drivers' strike.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1982_Formula_One_season","slug":"1982-ground-clearance-rule-dropped-fixed-skirts-allowed"},{"year":1982,"area":"Sporting","kind":"introduced","title":"Super licence conditions and the drivers' strike","detail":"New licence terms tying drivers to teams prompted a strike at Kyalami; the terms were withdrawn.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1982_South_African_Grand_Prix","slug":"1982-super-licence-conditions-and-the-drivers-strike"},{"year":1983,"area":"Aerodynamics","kind":"banned","title":"Flat-bottom rule: ground effect banned","detail":"The underside between the wheels had to be flat, ending shaped ground-effect floors and skirts. Rear wings were moved forward and six-wheeled cars were banned.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1983_Formula_One_season","slug":"1983-flat-bottom-rule-ground-effect-banned"},{"year":1984,"area":"Fuel","kind":"banned","title":"Refuelling banned; 220-litre fuel limit","detail":"Mid-race refuelling, used by Brabham in 1982–83, was banned and race fuel limited to 220 litres, starting the fuel-economy era of the turbo years.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1984_Formula_One_season","slug":"1984-refuelling-banned-220-litre-fuel-limit"},{"year":1984,"area":"Race procedure","kind":"changed","title":"Half points at Monaco","detail":"The rain-shortened Monaco Grand Prix paid half points, which decided the title by half a point in Lauda's favour over Prost.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1984_Monaco_Grand_Prix","slug":"1984-half-points-at-monaco"},{"year":1985,"area":"Chassis and safety","kind":"introduced","title":"Frontal crash test","detail":"Chassis had to pass a static frontal impact test for the first time.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1985_Formula_One_season","slug":"1985-frontal-crash-test"},{"year":1986,"area":"Engine","kind":"changed","title":"Turbocharged engines only; fuel limit 195 litres","detail":"Naturally aspirated engines were excluded for one season and the fuel allowance fell to 195 litres.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1986_Formula_One_season","slug":"1986-turbocharged-engines-only-fuel-limit-195-litres"},{"year":1987,"area":"Engine","kind":"changed","title":"Turbo boost limited to 4.0 bar; 3.5-litre naturally aspirated engines allowed again","detail":"A pop-off valve capped boost pressure, and a 3.5-litre atmospheric class returned with its own trophies (Jim Clark and Colin Chapman cups).","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1987_Formula_One_season","slug":"1987-turbo-boost-limited-to-4-0-bar-3-5-litre-naturally-aspirated"},{"year":1988,"area":"Chassis and safety","kind":"introduced","title":"Driver's feet behind the front axle line","detail":"The pedal box had to sit behind the front wheel centre line for foot protection.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1988_Formula_One_season","slug":"1988-driver-s-feet-behind-the-front-axle-line"},{"year":1988,"area":"Engine","kind":"changed","title":"Turbo boost 2.5 bar, 150-litre fuel limit","detail":"The last turbo season before the ban restricted boost and fuel further; McLaren-Honda won 15 of 16 races.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1988_Formula_One_season","slug":"1988-turbo-boost-2-5-bar-150-litre-fuel-limit"},{"year":1989,"area":"Engine","kind":"banned","title":"Turbocharged engines banned","detail":"Only 3.5-litre naturally aspirated engines were permitted, a formula that ran until 1994.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1989_Formula_One_season","slug":"1989-turbocharged-engines-banned"},{"year":1989,"area":"Sporting","kind":"introduced","title":"Pre-qualifying for 39 entries","detail":"With 20 teams and 39 cars, a one-hour Friday pre-qualifying session cut the field to 30 for qualifying and 26 for the race.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1989_Formula_One_season","slug":"1989-pre-qualifying-for-39-entries"},{"year":1990,"area":"Race procedure","kind":"changed","title":"Pole sitter chooses the side of the grid (Suzuka dispute)","detail":"Senna's request to move pole to the clean side at Suzuka was refused, a factor in the first-corner collision that decided the title; the rule was later changed.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1990_Japanese_Grand_Prix","slug":"1990-pole-sitter-chooses-the-side-of-the-grid-suzuka-dispute"},{"year":1991,"area":"Chassis and safety","kind":"introduced","title":"Side impact test and larger cockpit opening","detail":"A static side-impact test joined the frontal test, with fuel tanks confined to the space between driver and engine.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1991_Formula_One_season","slug":"1991-side-impact-test-and-larger-cockpit-opening"},{"year":1991,"area":"Points","kind":"changed","title":"Win worth ten points; every result counts","detail":"Points became 10-6-4-3-2-1 and dropped scores ended: all results counted towards the championship.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Formula_One_World_Championship_points_scoring_systems","slug":"1991-win-worth-ten-points-every-result-counts"},{"year":1992,"area":"Chassis and safety","kind":"introduced","title":"Active suspension era","detail":"Williams' FW14B with computer-controlled suspension dominated; traction control and semi-automatic gearboxes became widespread.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1992_Formula_One_season","slug":"1992-active-suspension-era"},{"year":1992,"area":"Chassis and safety","kind":"introduced","title":"Rear crash test and cockpit padding","detail":"A rear-impact test was added and cockpit head padding required.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1992_Formula_One_season","slug":"1992-rear-crash-test-and-cockpit-padding"},{"year":1993,"area":"Race procedure","kind":"introduced","title":"Safety car formalised","detail":"The safety car became part of the regulations, first used under the new rules at the Brazilian Grand Prix.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safety_car#Formula_One","slug":"1993-safety-car-formalised"},{"year":1993,"area":"Tyres","kind":"changed","title":"Narrower tyres and smaller rear wings","detail":"Tyre width was cut to 15 inches and rear wings lowered and narrowed to trim speeds; the field was limited to 26 cars.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_Formula_One_season","slug":"1993-narrower-tyres-and-smaller-rear-wings"},{"year":1994,"area":"Aerodynamics","kind":"introduced","title":"Wooden plank under the car after Imola","detail":"After the deaths of Ratzenberger and Senna, a 10 mm skid block was fitted under every car from the German Grand Prix, along with cuts to diffusers, front-wing endplates and airbox intakes; pump fuel became mandatory.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1994_Formula_One_season","slug":"1994-wooden-plank-under-the-car-after-imola"},{"year":1994,"area":"Chassis and safety","kind":"banned","title":"Electronic driver aids banned","detail":"Active suspension, traction control, anti-lock brakes, launch control and fully automatic gearboxes were outlawed.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1994_Formula_One_season","slug":"1994-electronic-driver-aids-banned"},{"year":1994,"area":"Fuel","kind":"introduced","title":"Refuelling returns","detail":"Mid-race refuelling was permitted again with standard rigs, and remained until 2009.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1994_Formula_One_season","slug":"1994-refuelling-returns"},{"year":1994,"area":"Race procedure","kind":"introduced","title":"Pit-lane speed limit","detail":"A speed limit in the pit lane (80 km/h in practice, 120 km/h in races) was introduced mid-season.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1994_Formula_One_season","slug":"1994-pit-lane-speed-limit"},{"year":1994,"area":"Sporting","kind":"introduced","title":"Stop-and-go penalties and race bans","detail":"The stewards gained ten-second stop-and-go penalties; Schumacher received a two-race ban for ignoring a black flag at Silverstone.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1994_British_Grand_Prix","slug":"1994-stop-and-go-penalties-and-race-bans"},{"year":1995,"area":"Engine","kind":"changed","title":"Engines cut to 3.0 litres","detail":"Capacity fell from 3.5 to 3.0 litres, and a stepped floor (raised sections either side of the plank) replaced the flat bottom.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1995_Formula_One_season","slug":"1995-engines-cut-to-3-0-litres"},{"year":1996,"area":"Chassis and safety","kind":"introduced","title":"Raised cockpit sides for head protection","detail":"Higher, padded cockpit sides became compulsory.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1996_Formula_One_season","slug":"1996-raised-cockpit-sides-for-head-protection"},{"year":1996,"area":"Qualifying","kind":"introduced","title":"107 per cent rule","detail":"A driver had to qualify within 107% of pole time to start; the rule ran until 2002 and returned in 2011.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/107%25_rule","slug":"1996-107-per-cent-rule"},{"year":1997,"area":"Chassis and safety","kind":"introduced","title":"Accident data recorders","detail":"Every car carried an FIA accident data recorder.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1997_Formula_One_season","slug":"1997-accident-data-recorders"},{"year":1997,"area":"Sporting","kind":"introduced","title":"Drive-through penalty","detail":"A drive-through penalty (pit lane at the speed limit, no stop) joined the stop-and-go penalty.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1997_Formula_One_season","slug":"1997-drive-through-penalty"},{"year":1997,"area":"Sporting","kind":"changed","title":"Championship exclusion for deliberate collision","detail":"Schumacher was excluded from the 1997 standings after turning in on Villeneuve at Jerez.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1997_European_Grand_Prix","slug":"1997-championship-exclusion-for-deliberate-collision"},{"year":1998,"area":"Tyres","kind":"introduced","title":"Grooved tyres and narrower cars","detail":"Cars were narrowed from 2.0 m to 1.8 m and slicks were replaced by grooved dry tyres (three grooves front, four rear).","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1998_Formula_One_season","slug":"1998-grooved-tyres-and-narrower-cars"},{"year":1999,"area":"Tyres","kind":"changed","title":"Four grooves on all tyres; wheel tethers","detail":"Front tyres gained a fourth groove, and wheels had to be tethered to the chassis to stop them flying off in crashes.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1999_Formula_One_season","slug":"1999-four-grooves-on-all-tyres-wheel-tethers"},{"year":2000,"area":"Chassis and safety","kind":"introduced","title":"Wheel tethers strengthened; HANS device tested","detail":"Tethers were strengthened after wheels came off in 1999–2000 crashes; the HANS head-and-neck support was mandatory from 2003.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2003_Formula_One_season","slug":"2000-wheel-tethers-strengthened-hans-device-tested"},{"year":2000,"area":"Engine","kind":"changed","title":"V10 engines only","detail":"Engine layout was restricted to ten cylinders.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2000_Formula_One_season","slug":"2000-v10-engines-only"},{"year":2001,"area":"Aerodynamics","kind":"changed","title":"Front wing raised, rear wing elements limited","detail":"The front wing was raised 50 mm and the rear wing limited to three elements to cut downforce.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001_Formula_One_season","slug":"2001-front-wing-raised-rear-wing-elements-limited"},{"year":2001,"area":"Chassis and safety","kind":"introduced","title":"Traction control allowed again","detail":"Because policing software bans proved impossible, traction control, launch control and fully automatic gearboxes were legalised from the Spanish Grand Prix.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001_Formula_One_season","slug":"2001-traction-control-allowed-again"},{"year":2002,"area":"Race procedure","kind":"changed","title":"Championship decided by July","detail":"Schumacher clinched the title in France with six races left, the earliest ever, prompting the 2003 points and qualifying changes.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002_Formula_One_season","slug":"2002-championship-decided-by-july"},{"year":2003,"area":"Chassis and safety","kind":"introduced","title":"HANS device mandatory","detail":"The head-and-neck support became compulsory for all drivers.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2003_Formula_One_season","slug":"2003-hans-device-mandatory"},{"year":2003,"area":"Points","kind":"changed","title":"Points to eighth place: 10-8-6-5-4-3-2-1","detail":"After Ferrari's 2002 dominance the points spread was flattened.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Formula_One_World_Championship_points_scoring_systems","slug":"2003-points-to-eighth-place-10-8-6-5-4-3-2-1"},{"year":2003,"area":"Qualifying","kind":"introduced","title":"Single-lap qualifying and parc fermé","detail":"Each driver ran one flying lap alone on Friday and Saturday; cars then went into parc fermé, so race fuel loads were set before qualifying.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2003_Formula_One_season","slug":"2003-single-lap-qualifying-and-parc-ferm"},{"year":2003,"area":"Sporting","kind":"banned","title":"Team orders banned","detail":"After Austria 2002, team orders that interfered with a race result were banned. The ban was lifted for 2011.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Team_orders#Formula_One","slug":"2003-team-orders-banned"},{"year":2004,"area":"Engine","kind":"changed","title":"One engine per race weekend","detail":"Changing an engine before the race meant a ten-place grid penalty; launch control and fully automatic gearboxes were banned again.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004_Formula_One_season","slug":"2004-one-engine-per-race-weekend"},{"year":2004,"area":"Qualifying","kind":"changed","title":"Two single-lap sessions on Saturday","detail":"Both single-lap qualifying runs moved to Saturday, the second setting the grid.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2004_Formula_One_season","slug":"2004-two-single-lap-sessions-on-saturday"},{"year":2005,"area":"Aerodynamics","kind":"changed","title":"Front wing raised, rear wing moved forward, diffuser reduced","detail":"Aerodynamic cuts aimed at reducing downforce by about a quarter.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_Formula_One_season","slug":"2005-front-wing-raised-rear-wing-moved-forward-diffuser-reduced"},{"year":2005,"area":"Engine","kind":"changed","title":"One engine per two race weekends","detail":"Engines had to last two Grands Prix.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_Formula_One_season","slug":"2005-one-engine-per-two-race-weekends"},{"year":2005,"area":"Tyres","kind":"changed","title":"No tyre changes during the race","detail":"One set of tyres had to last qualifying and the race (bar damage or rain). The rule lasted one season and was abandoned after the 2005 United States Grand Prix affair.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_Formula_One_season","slug":"2005-no-tyre-changes-during-the-race"},{"year":2006,"area":"Engine","kind":"introduced","title":"2.4-litre V8 engines","detail":"Engine capacity fell from 3.0-litre V10 to 2.4-litre V8, with a rev-limited V10 allowed for small teams.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Formula_One_season","slug":"2006-2-4-litre-v8-engines"},{"year":2006,"area":"Qualifying","kind":"introduced","title":"Three-part knockout qualifying","detail":"Q1, Q2 and Q3 knockout sessions replaced single-lap qualifying; tyre changes in races were allowed again.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006_Formula_One_season","slug":"2006-three-part-knockout-qualifying"},{"year":2007,"area":"Engine","kind":"introduced","title":"Engine development freeze","detail":"Engine specifications were frozen for several seasons, with limited reliability changes allowed.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Formula_One_season","slug":"2007-engine-development-freeze"},{"year":2007,"area":"Sporting","kind":"changed","title":"Constructors' exclusion for the McLaren espionage case","detail":"McLaren were excluded from the 2007 constructors' championship and fined 100 million dollars over possession of Ferrari documents.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Formula_One_espionage_controversy","slug":"2007-constructors-exclusion-for-the-mclaren-espionage-case"},{"year":2007,"area":"Tyres","kind":"changed","title":"Single tyre supplier (Bridgestone)","detail":"Michelin left, leaving one supplier, and drivers had to use both dry compounds during a race. Engine development was frozen.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Formula_One_season","slug":"2007-single-tyre-supplier-bridgestone"},{"year":2008,"area":"Chassis and safety","kind":"banned","title":"Traction control and other driver aids banned via a standard ECU","detail":"A common electronic control unit ended traction control, engine braking control and launch control; gearboxes had to last four races.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Formula_One_season","slug":"2008-traction-control-and-other-driver-aids-banned-via-a-standard"},{"year":2008,"area":"Testing and cost","kind":"introduced","title":"In-season testing limits","detail":"Testing was restricted, ahead of the full in-season testing ban in 2009.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_Formula_One_season","slug":"2008-in-season-testing-limits"},{"year":2009,"area":"Aerodynamics","kind":"introduced","title":"Double diffuser ruled legal","detail":"Brawn, Toyota and Williams exploited a gap in the diffuser rules; the design was ruled legal in April 2009 and banned for 2011.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_Formula_One_season","slug":"2009-double-diffuser-ruled-legal"},{"year":2009,"area":"Aerodynamics","kind":"changed","title":"Wide front wing, tall narrow rear wing, slick tyres return, KERS introduced","detail":"The biggest aerodynamic overhaul in decades, aimed at closer racing, plus an optional kinetic energy recovery system and an 18,000 rpm limit with eight engines per season.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_Formula_One_season","slug":"2009-wide-front-wing-tall-narrow-rear-wing-slick-tyres-return-ker"},{"year":2009,"area":"Testing and cost","kind":"banned","title":"In-season testing banned","detail":"Track testing during the season was banned, with limited exceptions in later years.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009_Formula_One_season","slug":"2009-in-season-testing-banned"},{"year":2010,"area":"Fuel","kind":"banned","title":"Refuelling banned","detail":"Cars started with full race fuel for the first time since 1993; minimum weight rose to 620 kg.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Formula_One_season","slug":"2010-refuelling-banned"},{"year":2010,"area":"Points","kind":"changed","title":"Points to tenth place: 25-18-15-12-10-8-6-4-2-1","detail":"The current points table was introduced as the field grew to 24 cars.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Formula_One_World_Championship_points_scoring_systems","slug":"2010-points-to-tenth-place-25-18-15-12-10-8-6-4-2-1"},{"year":2010,"area":"Race procedure","kind":"changed","title":"Top-ten qualifiers start on their Q3 tyres","detail":"Drivers in Q3 had to start the race on the tyres they set their best time on (rule dropped for 2022).","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2010_Formula_One_season","slug":"2010-top-ten-qualifiers-start-on-their-q3-tyres"},{"year":2010,"area":"Sporting","kind":"introduced","title":"Factory curfew and personnel limits","detail":"Overnight curfews for team personnel at the circuit were introduced.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_Formula_One_season","slug":"2010-factory-curfew-and-personnel-limits"},{"year":2011,"area":"Aerodynamics","kind":"introduced","title":"Drag reduction system (DRS)","detail":"A driver-operated flap in the rear wing, usable within one second of the car ahead in set zones, was introduced to help overtaking.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drag_reduction_system","slug":"2011-drag-reduction-system-drs"},{"year":2011,"area":"Aerodynamics","kind":"banned","title":"Double diffusers and F-ducts banned","detail":"The rear diffuser was restricted and driver-operated aerodynamic switching (the F-duct) outlawed; KERS returned.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_Formula_One_season","slug":"2011-double-diffusers-and-f-ducts-banned"},{"year":2011,"area":"Sporting","kind":"changed","title":"Team orders allowed again","detail":"The 2002 ban on team orders was removed from the sporting regulations.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Team_orders#Formula_One","slug":"2011-team-orders-allowed-again"},{"year":2011,"area":"Tyres","kind":"changed","title":"Pirelli becomes sole tyre supplier","detail":"Pirelli replaced Bridgestone with tyres designed to degrade quickly; the 107% rule returned.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011_Formula_One_season","slug":"2011-pirelli-becomes-sole-tyre-supplier"},{"year":2012,"area":"Aerodynamics","kind":"banned","title":"Exhaust-blown diffusers restricted","detail":"Exhaust exits were fixed to positions that could not blow the diffuser; nose height was lowered, producing the stepped noses.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2012_Formula_One_season","slug":"2012-exhaust-blown-diffusers-restricted"},{"year":2012,"area":"Race procedure","kind":"introduced","title":"Lapped cars may unlap under the safety car","detail":"Lapped cars between the leaders were allowed to pass the safety car before a restart.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2012_Formula_One_season","slug":"2012-lapped-cars-may-unlap-under-the-safety-car"},{"year":2012,"area":"Sporting","kind":"introduced","title":"Grid penalties for extra gearboxes and engines beyond the allocation","detail":"Exceeding the season allocation of engines or changing a gearbox early meant a grid drop.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2012_Formula_One_season","slug":"2012-grid-penalties-for-extra-gearboxes-and-engines-beyond-the-al"},{"year":2013,"area":"Aerodynamics","kind":"changed","title":"DRS restricted to the race zones in practice and qualifying","detail":"Free use of DRS outside the designated zones ended.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2013_Formula_One_season","slug":"2013-drs-restricted-to-the-race-zones-in-practice-and-qualifying"},{"year":2014,"area":"Engine","kind":"introduced","title":"1.6-litre V6 turbo hybrid power units","detail":"Turbocharged V6 engines with energy recovery from the brakes (MGU-K) and the turbo (MGU-H), a 100 kg race fuel limit and a 100 kg/h fuel-flow limit, five power units per season.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_Formula_One_season","slug":"2014-1-6-litre-v6-turbo-hybrid-power-units"},{"year":2014,"area":"Points","kind":"changed","title":"Double points at the final race (one season only)","detail":"The Abu Dhabi Grand Prix paid double points in 2014; the rule was dropped for 2015.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_Formula_One_season","slug":"2014-double-points-at-the-final-race-one-season-only"},{"year":2014,"area":"Race procedure","kind":"introduced","title":"Five-second time penalty served at a pit stop","detail":"A five-second penalty, served during a stop or added to race time, joined the drive-through and stop-and-go penalties.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_Formula_One_season","slug":"2014-five-second-time-penalty-served-at-a-pit-stop"},{"year":2014,"area":"Race procedure","kind":"changed","title":"Pit-lane speed limit 80 km/h","detail":"The race pit-lane limit was cut from 100 to 80 km/h at most circuits.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_Formula_One_season","slug":"2014-pit-lane-speed-limit-80-km-h"},{"year":2014,"area":"Sporting","kind":"introduced","title":"Penalty points on the super licence","detail":"Drivers accumulating twelve penalty points in twelve months receive a one-race ban.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_Formula_One_season","slug":"2014-penalty-points-on-the-super-licence"},{"year":2014,"area":"Sporting","kind":"introduced","title":"Permanent driver numbers","detail":"Drivers chose a career number between 2 and 99; the champion may use 1.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014_Formula_One_season","slug":"2014-permanent-driver-numbers"},{"year":2015,"area":"Race procedure","kind":"introduced","title":"Virtual safety car","detail":"After Jules Bianchi's crash at Suzuka 2014, a virtual safety car requiring drivers to slow to a set delta time was introduced; power units per season cut to four.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Formula_One_season","slug":"2015-virtual-safety-car"},{"year":2015,"area":"Sporting","kind":"introduced","title":"Standing restarts proposed and dropped","detail":"Standing restarts after safety-car periods were written into the 2015 rules and removed before the season.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2015_Formula_One_season","slug":"2015-standing-restarts-proposed-and-dropped"},{"year":2016,"area":"Qualifying","kind":"changed","title":"Elimination qualifying tried and dropped after two races","detail":"A rolling elimination format ran in Australia and Bahrain and was replaced by the previous knockout format.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_Formula_One_season","slug":"2016-elimination-qualifying-tried-and-dropped-after-two-races"},{"year":2016,"area":"Tyres","kind":"changed","title":"Three dry compounds per weekend, teams choose sets","detail":"Pirelli nominated three compounds and teams picked their allocation; radio coaching restrictions were introduced and later relaxed.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2016_Formula_One_season","slug":"2016-three-dry-compounds-per-weekend-teams-choose-sets"},{"year":2017,"area":"Aerodynamics","kind":"changed","title":"Wider cars, wider tyres, more downforce","detail":"Cars widened to 2.0 m with wider tyres and larger wings, making them several seconds a lap faster.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017_Formula_One_season","slug":"2017-wider-cars-wider-tyres-more-downforce"},{"year":2017,"area":"Race procedure","kind":"introduced","title":"Standing start after a safety-car start in wet conditions","detail":"When a race begins behind the safety car, a standing start follows once it withdraws.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017_Formula_One_season","slug":"2017-standing-start-after-a-safety-car-start-in-wet-conditions"},{"year":2018,"area":"Chassis and safety","kind":"introduced","title":"Halo cockpit protection mandatory","detail":"The titanium halo became compulsory on every car; shark fins and T-wings were banned; three power units per season.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_Formula_One_season","slug":"2018-halo-cockpit-protection-mandatory"},{"year":2018,"area":"Sporting","kind":"introduced","title":"Grid penalties above 15 places send a driver to the back","detail":"Power-unit penalties were simplified so that more than 15 places means starting last.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2018_Formula_One_season","slug":"2018-grid-penalties-above-15-places-send-a-driver-to-the-back"},{"year":2019,"area":"Aerodynamics","kind":"changed","title":"Simplified front wings and bargeboards","detail":"Wider, simpler front wings and lower bargeboards to reduce turbulence for following cars; race fuel raised to 110 kg.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019_Formula_One_season","slug":"2019-simplified-front-wings-and-bargeboards"},{"year":2019,"area":"Points","kind":"introduced","title":"Bonus point for fastest lap","detail":"One point for the fastest lap, if the driver finished in the top ten. Removed after 2024.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Formula_One_World_Championship_points_scoring_systems","slug":"2019-bonus-point-for-fastest-lap"},{"year":2019,"area":"Sporting","kind":"introduced","title":"Fastest-lap point requires a top-ten finish","detail":"The bonus point could not be taken by a driver outside the points.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2019_Formula_One_season","slug":"2019-fastest-lap-point-requires-a-top-ten-finish"},{"year":2020,"area":"Race procedure","kind":"changed","title":"Reduced-points scale for shortened races","detail":"After the two-lap Belgian Grand Prix of 2021 the rules were changed for 2022: no points unless two racing laps are completed, and a sliding scale by distance.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Belgian_Grand_Prix","slug":"2020-reduced-points-scale-for-shortened-races"},{"year":2020,"area":"Testing and cost","kind":"introduced","title":"Cost cap agreed for 2021","detail":"During the pandemic the teams agreed a budget cap of 145 million dollars from 2021, falling to 140 million in 2022 and 135 million in 2023; Mercedes' dual-axis steering (DAS) was banned for 2021.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2020_Formula_One_season","slug":"2020-cost-cap-agreed-for-2021"},{"year":2021,"area":"Aerodynamics","kind":"changed","title":"Floor and diffuser cut to reduce downforce","detail":"A diagonal cut to the rear floor and shorter diffuser strakes trimmed downforce for tyre safety; minimum weight 752 kg.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Formula_One_season","slug":"2021-floor-and-diffuser-cut-to-reduce-downforce"},{"year":2021,"area":"Race procedure","kind":"introduced","title":"Sprint qualifying at three events","detail":"A 100 km Saturday sprint set the grid at Silverstone, Monza and Interlagos, with points for the top three.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2021_Formula_One_season","slug":"2021-sprint-qualifying-at-three-events"},{"year":2022,"area":"Aerodynamics","kind":"introduced","title":"Ground-effect cars return","detail":"New technical regulations with underfloor tunnels, simplified wings and 18-inch wheels, designed for closer racing.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_Formula_One_season","slug":"2022-ground-effect-cars-return"},{"year":2022,"area":"Fuel","kind":"changed","title":"E10 fuel","detail":"Fuel had to contain 10% sustainable ethanol.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_Formula_One_season","slug":"2022-e10-fuel"},{"year":2022,"area":"Points","kind":"changed","title":"Sprint points to eighth place: 8-7-6-5-4-3-2-1","detail":"Sprints at six events paid points to the top eight and no longer set pole position in the record books.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_Formula_One_season","slug":"2022-sprint-points-to-eighth-place-8-7-6-5-4-3-2-1"},{"year":2022,"area":"Race procedure","kind":"changed","title":"Sliding points scale for shortened races","detail":"Full points only after 75% distance; reduced scales at 25% and 50%; no points under two racing laps.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_Formula_One_season","slug":"2022-sliding-points-scale-for-shortened-races"},{"year":2022,"area":"Race procedure","kind":"changed","title":"Safety-car restart procedures rewritten after Abu Dhabi 2021","detail":"Lapped cars must all pass the safety car before a restart, and the race director's role was split.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_Formula_One_season","slug":"2022-safety-car-restart-procedures-rewritten-after-abu-dhabi-2021"},{"year":2023,"area":"Race procedure","kind":"changed","title":"Sprint shootout: separate qualifying for the sprint","detail":"Saturday became a stand-alone sprint day with its own short qualifying; Friday qualifying set the Grand Prix grid.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023_Formula_One_season","slug":"2023-sprint-shootout-separate-qualifying-for-the-sprint"},{"year":2023,"area":"Sporting","kind":"introduced","title":"Cost-cap breach penalties applied","detail":"Red Bull's 2021 minor overspend brought a fine and a 10% cut in aerodynamic testing time, the first cost-cap sanction.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2022_Formula_One_season","slug":"2023-cost-cap-breach-penalties-applied"},{"year":2024,"area":"Race procedure","kind":"changed","title":"Sprint weekend reordered","detail":"Sprint qualifying and the sprint moved to Friday afternoon and Saturday morning, ahead of Grand Prix qualifying.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Formula_One_season","slug":"2024-sprint-weekend-reordered"},{"year":2024,"area":"Sporting","kind":"changed","title":"Track-limits: black-and-white flag and automatic detection","detail":"Track-limits breaches were policed with sensors and a warning-flag system before time penalties.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2024_Formula_One_season","slug":"2024-track-limits-black-and-white-flag-and-automatic-detection"},{"year":2025,"area":"Chassis and safety","kind":"changed","title":"Minimum driver weight 82 kg; driver cooling system","detail":"The driver-plus-seat minimum rose from 80 to 82 kg, and a driver cooling system was specified for hot races.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2025_Formula_One_season","slug":"2025-minimum-driver-weight-82-kg-driver-cooling-system"},{"year":2025,"area":"Points","kind":"banned","title":"Fastest-lap bonus point removed","detail":"The point for fastest lap, reintroduced in 2019, was dropped.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2025_Formula_One_season","slug":"2025-fastest-lap-bonus-point-removed"},{"year":2025,"area":"Sporting","kind":"introduced","title":"Rookie free-practice sessions doubled","detail":"Each car had to run a young driver in first practice at least twice in the season.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2025_Formula_One_season","slug":"2025-rookie-free-practice-sessions-doubled"},{"year":2026,"area":"Aerodynamics","kind":"introduced","title":"Active aerodynamics replace DRS","detail":"Movable front and rear wings switch between a low-drag straight-line mode and a cornering mode; a manual override energy boost replaces DRS for overtaking.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2026_Formula_One_season","slug":"2026-active-aerodynamics-replace-drs"},{"year":2026,"area":"Chassis and safety","kind":"changed","title":"Smaller, lighter cars","detail":"Wheelbase cut to 3,400 mm, width to 1,900 mm, minimum weight reduced by around 30 kg, and narrower tyres.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2026_Formula_One_season","slug":"2026-smaller-lighter-cars"},{"year":2026,"area":"Engine","kind":"introduced","title":"New power units: roughly half electric, no MGU-H, fully sustainable fuel","detail":"The 1.6-litre V6 stays but the MGU-H is removed, electrical output rises to about 350 kW, and the fuel is 100% sustainable.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2026_Formula_One_season","slug":"2026-new-power-units-roughly-half-electric-no-mgu-h-fully-sustain"},{"year":2026,"area":"Sporting","kind":"introduced","title":"Eleventh team joins","detail":"Cadillac entered as the eleventh constructor, and Audi took over the Sauber entry.","source":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2026_Formula_One_season","slug":"2026-eleventh-team-joins"}]